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Some of tomorrow's catalysts for processing renewable and non-renewable feedstocks, diminishing anthropogenic carbon dioxide and increasing the production of energy

机译：明天的一些催化剂，用于处理可再生和不可再生原料，减少人为二氧化碳并增加能源生产

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This review provides a wide-ranging summary of several aspects of heterogeneous catalysis and its impact on the increasing need to generate more energy, less CO2 and the production of more commodities required by an expanding world population. Particular attention is paid to the options (some of which are already a practical reality) now available for the use of anthropogenic CO2 as a source for the production of platform chemicals required to sustain civilized life. In this connection, Rubisco-inspired methods of utilizing CO2 are discussed, as is the utilization of algae to yield ethanol and O2 from water, CO2 and sunlight. In addition, the increasing use of methanol (derived from CO2) as an energy vector, as well as a source of ethene and propene (which are in growing worldwide demand), is adumbrated. As far as strategies for the design of new solid catalysts are concerned, summarizing accounts are given of the emerging popularity and recent successes of supported “single-atom”, chemo-selective catalysts (of Pt, Pd, Ir and Au), of so-called “single-atom alloy” catalysts for selective hydrogenations, and of monophasic single-site heterogeneous catalysts (SSHCs) for a range of chemical processes, some of which have already been commercialized. SSHCs can, in general, be assembled from earth-abundant elements (C, N, O, Mg, Al, P, Fe), and are effective for shape-selective, regio-selective and enantio-selective catalytic conversions. We also briefly discuss the prospect of converting anthropogenic CO2 into CH4, and touch upon the action needed to reduce atmospheric CO2 so as to fulfil the aims of the recent (December 2015) UN Climate Change Conference in Paris (COP-21).
机译：这篇综述对非均相催化的几个方面及其对日益增长的产生更多能源，减少二氧化碳和增加世界人口所需的更多商品生产的影响提供了广泛的总结。现在特别注意使用人为二氧化碳作为维持文明生活所需的平台化学品生产来源的各种选择（其中有些已经是现实的现实）。在这方面，讨论了Rubisco启发的利用CO2的方法，以及利用藻类从水，CO2和阳光中产生乙醇和O2的方法。此外，人们越来越多地使用甲醇（源自CO2）作为能源载体，以及乙烯和丙烯的来源（这在世界范围内需求不断增加）。就设计新的固体催化剂的策略而言，总结了负载型“单原子”化学选择催化剂（Pt，Pd，Ir和Au的化学反应）的新兴流行和最近的成功。用于选择性氢化的所谓“单原子合金”催化剂，以及用于一系列化学过程的单相单中心非均相催化剂（SSHC），其中一些已经商业化。 SSHC通常可以由富含地球的元素（C，N，O，Mg，Al，P，Fe）组装而成，并且对于形状选择性，区域选择性和对映选择性催化转化有效。我们还将简要讨论将人为二氧化碳转化为甲烷的前景，并探讨减少大气中二氧化碳的行动，以实现最近（2015年12月）在巴黎召开的联合国气候变化会议（COP-21）的目标。

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